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1 fault of a technical nature
Спорт: техническая ошибкаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > fault of a technical nature
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2 fault of a technical nature
English-Russian sports dictionary > fault of a technical nature
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3 nature
'nei ə1) (the physical world, eg trees, plants, animals, mountains, rivers etc, or the power which made them: the beauty of nature; the forces of nature; the study of nature.) naturaleza2) (the qualities born in a person; personality: She has a generous nature.) carácter3) (quality; what something is or consists of: What is the nature of your work?) naturaleza4) (a kind, type etc: bankers and other people of that nature.) tipo•- - natured- in the nature of
nature n1. naturaleza2. caráctertr['neɪʧəSMALLr/SMALL]1 (gen) naturaleza2 (character) carácter nombre masculino, forma de ser3 (type) índole nombre femenino\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLby nature por naturalezato let nature take it's course dejar que la naturaleza siga su cursonature conservation conservación nombre femenino de la naturalezanature lover amante nombre masulino o femenino de la naturalezanature reserve reserva naturalnature study ciencias nombre femenino plural naturalessecond nature (habit) costumbre nombre femenino muy arraigada, hábito 2 (reflex action) acto reflejonature ['neɪʧər] n1) : naturaleza fthe laws of nature: las leyes de la naturaleza2) kind, sort: índole f, clase fthings of this nature: cosas de esta índole3) disposition: carácter m, natural m, naturaleza fit is his nature to be friendly: es de natural simpáticohuman nature: la naturaleza humanan.• clase s.f.• masa s.f.• metal s.m.• natural s.m.• naturaleza s.f.• temperamento s.m.• tipo s.m.'neɪtʃər, 'neɪtʃə(r)1) u (universe, way of things) naturaleza f2)a) u c ( of people) carácter m, natural mto be second nature (to somebody): it's second nature to me to put my seat belt on — ponerme el cinturón de seguridad es un acto reflejo or es algo que hago automáticamente
b) u (of things, concepts) naturaleza fthe nature of the material/problem — la naturaleza del material/problema
['neɪtʃǝ(r)]it's in the nature of things that... — es algo natural que...
1. N1) (=essential quality) [of things] naturaleza fthe nature and extent of the damage is still not known — aún se desconoce la naturaleza y el alcance de los daños
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the project is experimental in nature — el proyecto es de carácter experimental•
we were unaware of the serious nature of his illness — ignorábamos que su enfermedad fuera tan grave•
the true nature of his intentions — sus verdaderas intencioneshuman 3.•
by its very nature — por su propia naturaleza2) (=character) [of person] carácter mshe trusted people, that was her nature — se fiaba de la gente, era así por naturaleza
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to appeal to sb's better nature — apelar al buen corazón de algn•
to be cautious by nature — ser cauteloso por naturaleza•
she took all their teasing with good nature — aceptó todas sus burlas de buen gradosecond I, 1., 1)•
it is not in his nature to lie — mentir no es propio de él3) (=kind, type)documents of a technical nature — documentos mpl de carácter técnico
nature of contents — (Comm) descripción f del contenido
4) (=natural life, environment) naturaleza f•
it's against nature — es antinatural, es contrario a la naturaleza•
the beauties of nature — las maravillas de la naturaleza•
to draw/paint from nature — dibujar/pintar del natural•
the laws of nature — las leyes de la naturalezacall 1., 4), freak, mother•
fever is nature's way of fighting infection — la fiebre es el mecanismo natural para combatir la infección2.CPDnature conservation N — protección f de la naturaleza
nature cure N — curación f natural
nature lover N — amante mf de la naturaleza
nature reserve N — reserva f natural
nature study N — estudio m de la historia natural, historia f natural
nature trail N — ruta f para el estudio de la naturaleza
* * *['neɪtʃər, 'neɪtʃə(r)]1) u (universe, way of things) naturaleza f2)a) u c ( of people) carácter m, natural mto be second nature (to somebody): it's second nature to me to put my seat belt on — ponerme el cinturón de seguridad es un acto reflejo or es algo que hago automáticamente
b) u (of things, concepts) naturaleza fthe nature of the material/problem — la naturaleza del material/problema
it's in the nature of things that... — es algo natural que...
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4 technical
فَنِّيّ \ aesthetic: concerning beauty, in art or nature: This old painting is not useful, but it has aesthetic value. artistic: about art; showing skill and a feeling for beauty: an artistic arragement of flowers. technical: concerning special industrial and other skills: a technical school; technical words. \ See Also جمالي (جَمَاليّ)، تقني (تِقَنِيّ) -
5 tecnicismo
m.1 technical nature.2 technical term.3 technicality, technical term, technical word.* * *1 technicality2 (término) technical term, technical expression* * *SM1) (=carácter técnico) technical nature2) (Ling) technical term, technicality* * ** * *= technicality, technicism.Ex. Students are understandably bored with learning on-line catalgue use when the focus is on the technicalities of the catalogue itself.Ex. The current reform effort is 'to make visible that leadership involves moral choices, not simply adherence to technicism'.* * ** * *= technicality, technicism.Ex: Students are understandably bored with learning on-line catalgue use when the focus is on the technicalities of the catalogue itself.
Ex: The current reform effort is 'to make visible that leadership involves moral choices, not simply adherence to technicism'.* * *1 (cualidad) technical nature2 (palabra) technical term* * *
tecnicismo sustantivo masculino ( cualidad) technical nature;
( palabra) technical term
tecnicismo sustantivo masculino technicality
(una expresión, un término técnico) technical term
* * *tecnicismo nm1. [cualidad] technical nature2. [término] technical term* * *m technical nature; término technical term -
6 technicality
[ˌteknɪ'kælətɪ]1) (technical detail) particolare m. tecnico2) amm. dettaglio m., cavillo m.; dir. formalità f.3) (technical nature) tecnicità f.* * *1) (a technical detail or technical term: Their instructions were full of technicalities.) tecnicismo2) (a (trivial) detail or problem, eg caused by (too) strict obedience to laws, rules etc: I'm not going to be put off by mere technicalities.) dettaglio tecnico* * *technicality /tɛknɪˈkælətɪ/, technicalness /ˈtɛknɪklnəs/n.1 [u] tecnicità2 tecnicismo; carattere (particolare, termine, ecc.) tecnico3 dettaglio tecnico ( basato su stretta interpretazione di regole, ecc.): The case was dismissed on a technicality, la causa è stata respinta per un dettaglio tecnico.* * *[ˌteknɪ'kælətɪ]1) (technical detail) particolare m. tecnico2) amm. dettaglio m., cavillo m.; dir. formalità f.3) (technical nature) tecnicità f. -
7 technicité
tɛknisite nf* * *technicité nf technical nature.[tɛknisite] nom féminin2. [avance technologique] technological sophistication3. [savoir-faire] skill -
8 ordine
m ordermettere in ordine tidy upordine alfabetico alphabetical orderordine di pagamento payment orderdi prim'ordine first-rate, first-classordine del giorno agendaordine permanente finance standing order* * *ordine s.m.1 order, arrangement; ( fila, serie) series*, sequence: ordine alfabetico, cronologico, alphabetical, chronological order; ordine logico, logical order; ordine numerico, numerical order; (sport) ordine d'arrivo, order of arrival; in base all'ordine di partenza sono il primo, according to the starting order I am the first; in ordine di età, importanza, in order of age, importance; numero d'ordine, serial number; in ordine di apparizione, in order of appearance; che ordine in camera tua!, what a neat room!; ha la mania dell'ordine, he is obsessed with tidiness; cerchiamo di procedere con ordine, let's try to be methodical; mettetevi in ordine di altezza, line up by height; metter in ordine alfabetico, to put in alphabetical order; mettere in ordine di data, to put in order of date // mettere qlco. in ordine, ( riassettare) to tidy sthg. up (o to put sthg. in order): mettere in ordine la camera, to tidy (up) the bedroom; mettiti in ordine che usciamo, tidy yourself up, we're going out; ho appena finito di rimettere in ordine gli appunti, I've just finished putting my notes in order; mettere in ordine i propri affari, to straighten (out) one's affairs; se non fai un po' di ordine sulla scrivania, non troverai niente!, if you don't tidy (up) your desk, you won't find anything! // tenere in ordine i libri, to keep the books tidy (o in order) // essere in ordine, to be in order, ( di persona) to be tidy: la casa è in perfetto ordine, the house is in perfect order; è tutto in ordine, possiamo partire, everything is in order, we can leave // ordine di idee, scheme of things: ciò non rientra nel mio ordine di idee, this does not enter into my scheme of things; entrare nell'ordine di idee di fare qlco., to come round to the idea of doing sthg. // all'ordine del giorno, on the agenda: questioni all'ordine del giorno, items on the agenda; passare all'ordine del giorno, to proceed with the business on the agenda (o to the business of the day); mettere un argomento all'ordine del giorno, to table an item; è un argomento all'ordine del giorno, (fig.) it's a topical subject; ormai le sue scenate sono all'ordine del giorno, (estens.) his scenes are now everyday occurrences // (mil.) ordine sparso, chiuso, open, close order: avanzare in ordine sparso, to advance in open order // ritirarsi in buon ordine, to retire in good order; il mio progetto era troppo caro e quindi mi sono ritirato in buon ordine, my plan was too expensive so I backed down // (comm.) in ordine a, with regard to (o as to o following): in ordine alla vostra proposta, with regard to your proposal2 ( comando) order, direction: ordine scritto, written order; fino a nuovo ordine, until further orders; per ordine di, by order of; ho l'ordine di restare qui, I have orders to remain here; ricevette l'ordine di andare all'estero, he was ordered abroad; dare ordine che sia fatto qlco., to give orders for sthg. to be done; dare, eseguire un ordine, to give (o to carry out) an order; eseguivo soltanto gli ordini, I was acting under orders; essere agli ordini di qlcu., to be at s.o.'s beck and call, (mil.) to be under s.o.'s orders (o command); ubbidire a un ordine, to obey an order; non prendo ordini da nessuno, I don't take orders from anyone; chi l'ha autorizzato a dare ordini?, who authorized him to give orders? // (mil.) agli ordini!, yes, sir! // parola d'ordine, password: quest'anno nella moda la parola d'ordine è 'minigonna', (fig.) this year in the world of fashion the miniskirt is a must3 (dir.) order, injunction; rule; decree; ( mandato) warrant; writ: ordine di comparizione, summons; ordine di sequestro, writ of attachment4 (econ.) order, request: ordine di pagamento, order of payment (o payment order), (banca) banker's order; ordine di prelievo, stock withdrawal order; ordine di acquisto, purchase order; ordine di merci per l'esportazione, indent; ordine di prova, trial order; ordine verbale, verbal order; ordine inevaso, unfulfilled (o unexecuted) order; ordine aperto, open order; ordini non ancora eseguiti, arretrati, outstanding orders; ordine per corrispondenza, mail order; ordine ripetitivo, ( dello stesso genere di merci) repeat order; dare ordine di pagamento di una fattura, to authorize payment of an invoice; soddisfare un ordine, to execute (o carry out an order); inoltrare un ordine, to send in an order; passare un ordine a qlcu., to place an order with s.o. (o to remit an order to s.o.); accusare ricevuta d'ordine, to acknowledge receipt of an order; annullare un ordine, to cancel an order; confermare un ordine, to confirm an order; evadere un ordine, to fill an order // (Borsa): ordine di Borsa, Stock Market order; ordine al listino, in chiusura, buy on close; ordine condizionato, contingent order; ordine debordant, stop order (o stop-loss order o resting order); ordine migliorando, split order; ordine revocabile, revocable order // (banca): all'ordine di, to the order of; ordine permanente, standing order; ordine di accreditamento, credit order; ordine di bonifico, payment order; ordine di fermo, stop payment; ordine di riscossione, di incasso, collection order5 ( disciplina) order: ordine pubblico, public order; (dir.) delitto contro l'ordine pubblico, breach of the peace; fu ristabilito l'ordine, order was restored; mantenere l'ordine, to keep order; richiamare all'ordine, to call (a meeting) to order6 ( categoria) order, rank, class: tutti gli ordini sociali erano rappresentati, all social classes were represented // ordine professionale, professional association; ordine degli Avvocati, Bar Association; Roll of Solicitors; ordine dei medici, Medical Association // di prim'ordine, first-class (attr.); first-rate: albergo di prim'ordine, first-class hotel; merce di prim'ordine, first-rate goods; artista di prim'ordine, first-rate artist; pranzo di prim'ordine, first-rate dinner; ristorante di infimo ordine, third-class restaurant // (amm.) impiegato d'ordine, junior employee // (dir.) ordine delle ipoteche, rank of mortgages7 ( genere) kind, nature: problemi d'ordine tecnico, problems of a technical nature (o technical problems); questo è un altro ordine di cose, this is a different matter altogether8 ( congregazione) order: ordine cavalleresco, religioso, order of chivalry, religious order // Ordine dei Cavalieri di Malta, Order of the Knights of Malta; Ordine dei Domenicani, Dominican Order9 pl. (eccl.) orders: ordini maggiori, minori, major, minor orders; ordini sacri, Holy Orders; prendere gli ordini sacri, to take Holy Orders10 (mat.) order: ordine di un gruppo, di un'equazione, order of a group, of an equation; relazione d'ordine, order relation // (fis.) ordine di grandezza, order of magnitude* * *['ordine]sostantivo maschile1) (comando) orderdare a qcn. l'ordine di fare — to give an order for sb. to do, to order sb. to do
non prendo -i da nessuno — I won't o don't take orders from anybody
agire su o per ordine di qcn. to act on sb.'s order; avere l'ordine di fare to be under o have orders to do; essere agli -i di qcn. to be under sb.'s orders (anche mil.); agli -i! mil. yes, sir! (anche scherz.); fino a nuovo ordine — until further orders
2) (criterio che ordina) orderin ordine alfabetico, cronologico — in alphabetical, chronological order
mettere in ordine alfabetico — to order alphabetically, to put in alphabetical order
ordine di partenza, di arrivo — sport starting order, order of arrival
avanzare in ordine sparso, serrato — to advance in scattered, close formation
primo, secondo ordine di posti in platea — first, second row of seats in the pit
4) (sistemazione ordinata) orderessere in ordine — [casa, armadio] to be tidy; [affari, conti] to be in order
mettere in ordine — to clear up, to tidy up, to sort out [stanza, armadio]; to order, to arrange, to sort [schedario, nomi, date]; to organize [libri, carte]
mettere ordine nei propri affari — to put o set one's affairs in order
far ordine nella propria vita — to put o set one's life in order, to sort out one's life
5) (disciplina)mantenere, ristabilire l'ordine — to keep, restore order
richiamare qcn. all'ordine — to call sb. to order
ordine pubblico — public order, peace
6) (natura, categoria)dell'ordine del 15% — of BE o in AE the order of 15%
di prim'ordine — first-class, first-rate, high-class
di second'ordine — second-class, second-rate
7) arch. biol. order8) (associazione, confraternita) orderl'ordine degli avvocati — the Bar, bar association AE
9) relig.-i maggiori, minori — major, minor orders
10) relig. (sacramento) ordination, ordering11) stor. order12) econ. orderordine d'acquisto, di vendita, di consegna, di pagamento — buying, selling, delivery, money order
•* * *ordine/'ordine/sostantivo m.1 (comando) order; dare a qcn. l'ordine di fare to give an order for sb. to do, to order sb. to do; ricevere l'ordine di fare to take the order to do; eseguire un ordine to carry out an order; non prendo -i da nessuno I won't o don't take orders from anybody; agire su o per ordine di qcn. to act on sb.'s order; avere l'ordine di fare to be under o have orders to do; essere agli -i di qcn. to be under sb.'s orders (anche mil.); agli -i! mil. yes, sir! (anche scherz.); fino a nuovo ordine until further orders2 (criterio che ordina) order; in ordine alfabetico, cronologico in alphabetical, chronological order; mettere in ordine alfabetico to order alphabetically, to put in alphabetical order; ordine di partenza, di arrivo sport starting order, order of arrival; avanzare in ordine sparso, serrato to advance in scattered, close formation3 (insieme di elementi) primo, secondo ordine di posti in platea first, second row of seats in the pit4 (sistemazione ordinata) order; essere in ordine [ casa, armadio] to be tidy; [ affari, conti] to be in order; tenere una stanza in ordine to keep a room tidy; mettere in ordine to clear up, to tidy up, to sort out [ stanza, armadio]; to order, to arrange, to sort [ schedario, nomi, date]; to organize [ libri, carte]; mettere ordine nei propri affari to put o set one's affairs in order; far ordine nella propria vita to put o set one's life in order, to sort out one's life; è amante dell'ordine e della pulizia he likes order and tidiness5 (disciplina) mantenere, ristabilire l'ordine to keep, restore order; richiamare qcn. all'ordine to call sb. to order; ordine pubblico public order, peace; le forze dell'ordine the police6 (natura, categoria) è un problema di ordine economico it's a problem of an economic nature; è nell'ordine delle cose it's in the natural order of things; dell'ordine del 15% of BE o in AE the order of 15%; di prim'ordine first-class, first-rate, high-class; di second'ordine second-class, second-rate7 arch. biol. order8 (associazione, confraternita) order; ordine cavalleresco order of chivalry; l'ordine dei medici the medical association; l'ordine degli avvocati the Bar, bar association AE11 stor. order; l'Ordine della Giarrettiera the Order of the Garter12 econ. order; ordine d'acquisto, di vendita, di consegna, di pagamento buying, selling, delivery, money order; pagare all'ordine del signor Bianchi to pay to the order of Mr Bianchiordine del giorno agenda; essere all'ordine del giorno to be on the agenda (anche fig.); ordine di grandezza order of magnitude. -
9 natu|ra
f 1. sgt (przyroda) nature- cud natury a wonder of nature- prawa natury the laws of nature, natural laws- matka natura mother nature- wybryk natury an anomaly, a freak of nature- uwielbiam obcowanie z naturą I’m a nature-lover2. sgt (stan pierwotny) nature- zmęczony cywilizacją tęsknił do natury tired of civilization, he longed for a return to nature3. sgt (o cechach wrodzonych) nature- natura obdarzyła go szczodrze talentami nature had bestowed many talents upon a. on him- natura wyposażyła zwierzęta w instynkt nature equipped animals with instinct- zabijanie leży w naturze zwierząt it’s in the nature of animals to kill- głos natury call of the wild- wbrew naturze contrary to a. against nature4. (organizm) constitution- silna/żelazna/słaba natura a strong/iron/frail a. feeble constitution5. sgt (charakter) nature, character- był małomówny z natury he was quiet by nature- to artystyczna natura she’s/he’s artistic by nature- narzekanie nie leży w jej naturze it’s not in her nature to complain6. sgt (istota) nature- w czasie pracy wynikły trudności natury technicznej difficulties of a technical nature arose during the work- trzeba pokonać bariery natury prawnej obstacles of a legal nature must be overcome- z (samej) natury rzeczy in the (very) nature of things- □ martwa natura Szt. still life■ być/stawać się drugą naturą to be/become second nature (to sb)- z natury rzeczy wynika, że po nocy następuje dzień it’s natural that day follows night- malować/rysować z natury Szt. to draw/paint from nature- w naturze (w towarach) in kind- przyzwyczajenie (jest) drugą naturą przysł. habit is second natureThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > natu|ra
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10 natura
* * *f.1. (= przyroda) nature; martwa natura mal. still life; wybryk natury a freak of nature; na łonie natury in the open; rysować z natury draw from nature; wbrew naturze against nature, contrary to nature; prawa natury natural laws, the laws of nature.2. (= stan nietknięty cywilizacją) nature; w stanie naturalnym in the natural state; powrót do natury return to nature.3. (= organizm) body, organism; silna natura strong organism.4. (= usposobienie) nature, temper; natura ludzka human nature; być bojaźliwym z natury be a coward by nature; to nie leży w mojej naturze it's not in my nature; przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka habit is l. becomes second nature.5. (= istota, rodzaj) nature, character; problem natury technicznej a problem of a technical nature; z natury rzeczy in the nature of things.6. w naturze (= w towarach) in kind.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > natura
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11 техническая ошибка
1) General subject: technical error3) Law: clerical error (АД)4) Advertising: engineering fault5) EBRD: clerical mistake6) Chemical weapons: clerical mistake (of a contractor) (напр., ошибки в единицах измерения, смещение точки десятичной дроби и т.п.)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > техническая ошибка
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12 tecnicismo
tecnicismo sustantivo masculino ( cualidad) technical nature; ( palabra) technical term
tecnicismo sustantivo masculino technicality (una expresión, un término técnico) technical term -
13 technicality
technicality [‚teknɪˈkælɪtɪ]b. ( = formality) formalité f• she told him victory was just a technicality elle lui a dit que la victoire n'était qu'une simple formalitéc. ( = legal point) point m de procédure* * *[ˌteknɪ'kælətɪ]1) gen ( technical detail) détail m technique (of de)2) ( minor detail) point m de détailthe case was dismissed on a technicality — Law l'affaire a été renvoyée pour vice de forme
3) ( technical nature) technicité f -
14 technicality
2 gen, Admin point m de détail ; a mere technicality un détail sans importance ; Jur formalité f ; the case was dismissed on a technicality l'affaire a été renvoyée pour vice de forme ;3 ( technical nature) technicité f. -
15 technicality
(a) (technical nature) technicité f(b) (formal detail) détail m ou considération f (d'ordre) technique; (technical term) terme m technique;∎ it's only a technicality ce n'est qu'un détail technique;∎ Law to lose one's case on a technicality perdre un procès pour vice de formeUn panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > technicality
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16 copyright information
1) Автомобильный термин: информация, защищённая авторскими правами (контекст: manual contains copyright information of the technical nature)2) Вычислительная техника: информация об авторских правах -
17 информация, защищённая авторскими правами
Automobile industry: copyright information (контекст: manual contains copyright information of the technical nature)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > информация, защищённая авторскими правами
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18 tecnicidad
f.technicality.* * *1 technicality* * *SF technicality, technical nature* * * -
19 πορφύρα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `purple dye, purple-snail, purple clothes' (Sapph., Hdt., A.).Other forms: Ion. - ρη.Compounds: Compp., e.g. πορφυρό-ζωνος `with a purple girdle' (B.), παμ-πόρφυρος `consisting only of purple, all-purple' (Pi.), ἐπι-, ὑπο-πόρφυρος `something purple' (Thphr., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 104f., 138); also ἁλι-πόρφυρος `of sea-purple, dyed with real purple, purple-red' (Od.); diff. Marzullo Maia 3, 132 ff., Il problema Omerico 255.Derivatives: 1. πορφύρ-εος, Att. - οῦς, Aeol. - ιος `purple, purple dye', of cloth(e)s, also of blood etc. (Il.; cf. on πορφύρω). 2. - εύς m. `purple-snail fisher' (Hdt., Arist.; Bosshardt 56) with - ευτικός `belonging to πορφυρεύς (-ευτής?)' (E., Poll.; prob. after ἁλιευ-τικός; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 63 n. 1, Chantraine Études 119), - εύω `to fish for purple-snails' (Philostr.), - ευτής m. = - εύς (Poll.). 3. - ίς f. `purple garment' (X.), also name of a bird (Ibyc.; Thompson Birds s. v.). 4. - ιον n. dimin. (Arist.), also `purpur cloth' (pap.). 5. - εῖον n. `purple-dye-house' (Str.). 6. - ίτης ( λίθος), f. - ῖτις `porphyry(-like), containing porphyry' (Plin., inscr., ostr.; Redard 59), - ιτικός `containing porphyry' (pap.). 7. - ίων m. `purple coot, Fulica porphyrion' (Ar., Arist.; Thompson s.v., Chantraine Form. 165). 8. - ική f. `purple-(toll) taxes (pap. IIa). 9. - ώματα τῶν ταῖς θεαῖς τυθέντων χοίρων τὰ κρέα H. 10. - ίζω, also w. ἐπι-, ὑπο-, `to be purple coloured' (Arist., Thphr.). 11. PlN, e.g. Πορφυρ- ίς, - εών.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Whether πορφύρα orig. indicated the purple-colour or the purple-snail, may remain open; for the priority of the first speaks decidedly the date of the attestations. Because of the technical nature of the word a loan from a Mediterranean language is clearly most probable (Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 207), though up to now no convincing connection has been found (to be rejected Lewy Fremdw. 128). Old connection with πορφύρω (Curtius 303 w. lit.) does not convince factually, but secondary mutual inflence is undeniable. On πορφύρα, - ύρεος, - ύρω Vieillefond REGr. 51, 403 ff.; further Castrignanò Maia5, 1 18 ff. and Gipper Glotta 42, 39 ff. -- Lat. LW [loanword] purpura, from where purple etc.Page in Frisk: 2,581-582Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πορφύρα
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20 σκηνοποιός
σκηνοποιός, οῦ, ὁ① maker of stage properties (acc. to Pollux 7, 189 the Old Comedy used the word as a synonym for μηχανοποιός=either a ‘stagehand’ who moved stage properties [as Aristoph., Pax 174] or a ‘manufacturer of stage properties’. Associated terms include σκηνογράφος Diog. L. 2, 125 and σκηνογραφία Arist., Poet. 1449a and Polyb. 12, 28a, 1, in ref. to painting of stage scenery) Ac 18:3. But if one understands σκηνή not as ‘scene’ but as ‘tent’ and considers it improbable that Prisca, Aquila, and Paul would have practiced such a trade in the face of alleged religious objections (s. Schürer II 54–55 on Jewish attitudes towards theatrical productions), one would follow the traditional rendering② tentmaker. This interpretation has long enjoyed favor (s. Lampe s.v.; REB, NRSV; Hemer, Acts 119, 233), but several considerations militate against it. The term σκηνοποιός is not used outside the Bible (and its influence), except for Pollux (above) and Herm. Wr. 516, 10f=Stob. I, 463, 7ff. There it appears as an adj. and in a figurative sense concerning production of a dwelling appropriate for the soul. The context therefore clearly indicates a structure as the primary component, but in the absence of such a qualifier in Ac 18:3 it is necessary to take account of words and expressions that similarly contain the terms σκηνή and ποιεῖν. A survey of usage indicates that σκηνή appears freq. as the obj. of ποιέω in the sense ‘pitch’ or ‘erect a tent’ (s. ποιέω 1a; act. σκηνοποιέω Is 13:20 Sym. οὐδὲ σκηνοποιήσει ἐκεῖ ῎ Αραψ; 22:15 Sym.; mid. σκηνοποιέομαι Aristot., Meteor. 348b, 35; Clearch., Fgm. 48 W.; Polyb. 14, 1, 7; Diod S 3, 27, 4; Ps.-Callisth. 2, 9, 8.—Cp. σκηνοποιί̈α Aeneas Tact. 8, 3; Polyb. 6, 28, 3; ins, RevArch 3, ’34, 40; and acc. to the text. trad. of Dt 31:10 as an alternate expr. for σκηνοπηγία.—Ex 26:1, it is granted, offers clear evidence of use of the non-compounded σκηνή + ποιέω in the sense ‘produce’ or ‘manufacture [not pitch] a tent’, but the context makes the meaning unmistakable; cp. Herodian 7, 2, 4 on the building of rude housing). Analogously σκηνοποιός would mean ‘one who pitches or erects tents’, linguistically a more probable option than that of ‘tentmaker’, but in the passages cited for σκηνοποιέω and σκηνοποιί̈α components in the context (cp. the case for provision of housing in the Hermetic pass.) clearly point to the denotation ‘pitching of tents’, whereas Ac 18:3 lacks such a clear qualifier. Moreover, it is questionable whether residents of nomadic areas would depend on specialists to assist in such a common task (s. Mt 17:4 par. where a related kind of independent enterprise is mentioned).—That Prisca, Aquila, and Paul might have been engaged in the preparation of parts for the production of a tent is also improbable, since such tasks would have been left to their hired help. That they might have been responsible for putting a tent together out of various pieces is ruled out by the availability of the term σκηνορράφος (Ael., VH 2, 1 et al.; Bull. Inst. Arch. Bulg. 8, 69) in the sense of stitching together (the verb ἐπιτελεῖν Hb 8:5 does not support such a view, for it is not an alternate expr. for ‘production’ of a tent but denotes ‘completion’ of a project, connoting a strong sense of religious commitment; see ἐπιτελέω 2) in which the component ῥαφ-provides an unmistakable qualifier.—In modern times more consideration has been given to identification of Paul’s trade as ‘leather-worker’, an interpretation favored by numerous versions and patristic writings (s. Zahn, AG, ad loc.; L-S-J-M Suppl., s.v., as replacement for their earlier ‘tentmaker’; Haenchen, ad loc., after JJeremias, ZNW 30, ’31; Hock, s. below). As such he would make tents and other products from leather (Hock [s. below] 21). But this and other efforts at more precise definition, such as weaver of tent-cloth (a view no longer in fashion) may transmit reflections of awareness of local practice in lieu of semantic precision.—In the absence of any use of the term σκηνοποιός, beyond the pass. in Pollux and the Herm. Wr., and the lack of specific qualifiers in the text of Ac 18:3, one is left with the strong probability that Luke’s publics in urban areas, where theatrical productions were in abundance, would think of σκηνοποιός in ref. to matters theatrical (s. 1). In addition, Ac 20:34; 1 Cor 4:12; 1 Th 2:9; 2 Th 3:8 indicate that Paul’s work was of a technical nature and was carried out in metropolitan areas, where there would be large demand for such kind of work. What publics in other areas might understand is subject to greater question, for the evidence is primarily anecdotal.—JWeiss, Das Urchristentum 1917, 135; FGrosheide, Παῦλος σκηνοποιός: TSt 35, 1917, 241f; Zahn, AG II 632, 10; 634; Billerb. II 745–47; Beginn. IV, 223; PLampe, BZ 31, ’87, 211–21; RHock, The Social Context of Paul’s Ministry: Tentmaking and Apostleship ’80.—M-M. TW.
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